Each of us has three primary needs, meaning three needs that are more important than the other six needs, which we have to a lesser degree. When people do not get their needs met, they can become agitated, belligerent or driven to use the negative aspects of their needs.
Each of the needs is described below, with their positive aspects (how they work in positive ways) and their negative aspects (how people use more forceful or destructive ways to get their needs met).
Each person is responsible for seeing that they get their own needs met - this is an inside job, not something that is fulfilled by another person. People who share the same needs will feel a connection or common bond.
Two people who do not share at least one common need will feel little connection with another person. Co-workers who do not share similar needs will have a hard time working together. Close friends, partners and mate relationships will usually share two or three needs in common.
Security
Security is the need to feel safe, to feel assured that they know what is going to happen, to know ahead of time what the plans are. What constitutes Security can be different for different people.Examples of how Security manifests for different people:
- Having lots of money in the bank
- Having a planned savings/retirement program
- Having a secure job
- Having a house, home and family
- Having a dependable car
- Paying off the mortgage or having no debts
- Having excellent personal and family health, or health insurance that covers any possibility
- Having life insurance to protect their family
- Having deep personal faith or personal conviction that they will be OK regardless of what happens in the world
- Carrying a gun or having a way to protect themselves
- Knowing their personal family history, or ethnic background
- Living in a gated/guarded community
- Living near friends and family.
Negative aspects: Overly cautious, fearful, paralyzed, indecisive, frozen in place, unable to function due to insecurity, retaliation against someone who they believe destroys their sense of Security.
How this need affects the workplace: People who have a need for Security will be more deeply affected by sudden changes, unforeseen events, real or perceived threats to their job, their livelihood, or their sense of self. Their fear will keep them from functioning in times of crisis or potentially cause them to react strongly to someone that they feel is threatening their sense of security. People who have a high need for security will be drawn more to working in government or public sector jobs than to entrepreneurial enterprises.
People who have a low Security need or have a need for Adventure may welcome change of any kind, while those with a high Security need may react very strongly at even minor changes. A manager who has a need for Adventure with a staff with high Security needs can create havoc and traumatic reactions very quickly.
Freedom
Freedom is the need for independence and spontaneity. It is also the need to have choices and to feel in control of making those choices. In many people, Freedom might be combined with Adventure, since a person who has a need for Freedom might be willing to partake of more Adventures, than a person who has both Freedom and Security. Freedom does not care for plans or heavy structure. What constitutes Freedom for one person may be very different from another's need perception of Freedom.Examples of how Freedom manifests for different people:
- Having choices and making their own choices
- Feeling free to move around without restrictions
- Feeling free to make decisions in their job
- Making choices about relationships
- Choosing where they live
- Choosing what work assignments they will accept
- Teaching others how to be self-sufficient
- Refusing to obey rules that were created by someone else
- Making or enforcing rules that allow Freedom and free choices for others
- Advocating Freedom as a basic human right
- Keeping their options open by not making decisions
- Re-arranging their work space
- Changing their appearance, hair style or way of dressing
- Feeling free to be themselves, regardless of what they are doing or what situation they find themselves in
- Feeling free to search or seek out answers rather than having answers imposed upon them
- Having the freedom to work as they feel is best - either by what hours they work, what days they work, or by how they approach a job or a project
- Refusing to "make a commitment" (an easily recognized example of the need for Freedom)
Negative aspects: Relationship avoidance, fear of commitment, separation and distancing from others, inability to understand others and be understood, manipulative (imposing on people's freedom).
How this need affects the workplace: People with a need for Freedom may resist any and all attempts to impose new rules on them. If they work in an "open" environment, they may excel at projects that require or reward independent thinking and spontaneity. They will make good teachers of people who are expected to exercise independent judgment.
Someone who manages a person with a need for Freedom will get along best with them when they recognize and respect that person's to make choices for themselves. People with a need for Freedom must recognize that need in themselves and not take jobs that are very rule-oriented; rather they must look for situations where their need for Freedom can be exercised appropriately.
Power
People with a need for Power need to be in a position of authority and responsibility. They need to explore Power, leadership and accomplishment. People with a need for Power tend to be good organizers and accept responsibility, setting an example of leadership.Examples of how Power manifests for different people:
- Managing a company, a division or a department
- Becoming a leader in a civic organization or professional group
- Organizing events, trips, projects
- Achieving success
- Helping others feel empowered
- Being a well-known speaker
- Becoming an authority on some topic
- Writing a book that expresses leadership
- Being responsible for people, things, projects, events, situations
- Being a leader and recognized as a leader
- Teaching others about leadership and responsibility
- Taking command of an army or a military unit
- Taking over a country
- Rescuing a company in trouble
- Taking charge during an emergency or crisis
Negative aspects: Viciousness, abuse of power, dictatorship, inappropriate control and manipulation, anger, violence against others or things.
How this need affects the workplace: People with a need for Power will gravitate to situations that allow them to exercise their leadership skills and responsibility. This may be on a grand scale or on a smaller level. When they cannot exercise their need for Power, they may become manipulative through coercive power, threats or over-control. A person with a need for Power may exercise it in the workplace, find outlets in a community setting or in teaching others about the use of appropriate Power.
People with a need for Power may be noticed when they enter a room because they carry a strong sense of leadership and are used to be in command. These are good folks to put in charge when something needs accomplishing. They will be happiest when they feel powerful. They will be unhappiest when someone or something prevents them from exercising Power in some way, or if they feel a sense of personal failure.
Acceptance
Acceptance is the need to accept yourself and be accepted by others. This includes a feeling of belonging. People with a need for Acceptance are usually very easy-going and pleasant to have in a group.Examples of how Acceptance manifests for different people:
- Participating with situations that are open and accepting of everyone
- Feeling a sense of acceptance by coworkers
- Being accepted by neighbors
- Being accepted as a valuable member of a family group
- Being accepted into a club or group
- Working with people who need extra attention and acceptance
- Feeling loved
- Accepting whatever comes up in life
- Doing things that make others feel good
- Being nice regardless of the situation or the person
- Being tolerant of self and others
Negative aspects: Rejection, jealousy, prejudice, guilt, shame, hate, xenophobia (group prejudice, fear of different classes of people)
How this need affects the workplace: People who have a need for Acceptance are a valuable addition to any group. They will often be a stabilizing presence and help others tolerate each other a little better. They may "go along" to whatever proposals are made to avoid any conflict in a group. It is very hard for them to express any different opinion because of their fear of being rejected.
A person with a need for Acceptance needs to feel they are accepted, as well as accepting others. They can be seen as a "doormat" with no opinion of their own or their time may be abused since they will rarely criticize others or say "no." Because of this, they may be rejected by others, which causes them more severe pain because of their high need for Acceptance.
Community
People with a need for Community like having people around. They are highly social and will express their enjoyment of gatherings. These are the best folks to put in charge of parties and company gatherings. They will seek out people and are able to maintain large numbers of relationships. The need for Community is different from the need for Exchange in that the need for Community does not require the exchange of anything.Examples of how Community manifests for different people:
- Throwing parties for the slightest of reasons
- Being the center of the office network
- Participating in classes, groups, clubs
- Going to a shopping mall or concert just to be around large groups of people
- Being the cook for large family gatherings
- Hosting family gatherings, groups of friends
- Opening their home to people with common interests that may be in town for some reason
- Running for public office
- Gathering signatures for a petition or ballot initiative
- Being part of a campaign to save the rain forests or a wild life area
- Creating a learning center for people interested in political, social, environmental or spiritual goals
Negative aspects: Indiscriminate contact, neediness, clinging, dependence, irresponsibility, criminal behavior, short-term thinking.
How this need affects the workplace: People with a need for Community will be with people every chance they can get. They may be the center of the gathering or on the sidelines. They may be the ones bringing forth proposals that point out a company's responsibilities to the environment or the community.
These are not people to be sent to work in an isolated laboratory, work the midnight shift or sent on a mission where they will not be able to socialize with others. Because socializing is such an innate talent with them, others may feel jealous and not understand the high need to be with other people. Others who are less social may be compared inappropriately and told, "If they can do it, so can you." That's not necessarily so. Not everyone has an inherent need (or even tolerance) for very high social contact. The less-social folks may want tag along occasionally, letting those with Community gather the crowds.
Expression
Expression is the need to be artistic, to be seen, to be heard, to be felt. It is the need to express oneself through words, speech, actions, dress, art and self-creations of all types.Examples of how Expression manifests for different people:
- Expressing through the Internet (creating web sites, writing newsletters, creating graphic art, stating opinions)
- Writing books, poems, articles
- Reading poetry at coffee houses
- Writing opinion articles for newspapers and magazines
- Public speaking about topics that are near and dear to the speaker
- Creating art in all forms (painting, jewelry, crafts, interior design, graphic design, furniture design, architecture)
- Teaching creative thinking classes or workshops
- Designing company logos or ad campaigns
- Coaching children in creative arts
- Dancing or teaching dance in all forms
- Acting in movies, plays or local theaters
Negative aspects: Invasion of other's space (too much self-expression), self-centered, temperamental, blind to other's value, lying, creating or expressing a false image.
How this need affects the workplace: People with a need for Expression will be happiest when they are free to express their inherent creativity. Examples might be through writing or designing a company newsletter; creating a company logo; developing company brochures; designing a new work space arrangement; creating designs for new products , services or related materials; designing or maintaining a company's Internet web site; giving speeches on behalf of the company's values, goals and mission (if they reflect the person's values and beliefs).
In many companies, expression of individuality is rigidly controlled and monitored. This may lead to destruction of an individual's ability to function fully and productively in that environment.
For a person with a need for Expression, such an environment will either drive them toward negative expressions or they will go where their creativity is valued. People who cannot be creative or expressive through their work, may find outlets in community activities that are sufficient to satisfy their need for Expression.
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